Chromosomal resolution reveals symbiotic virus colonization of parasitic wasp genomes

Jérémy Gauthier (1) , Hélène Boulain (1) , Joke J.F.A. van Vugt , Lyam Baudry (2, 3) , Emma Persyn , Jean-Marc Aury (4) , Benjamin Noel (4) , Anthony Bretaudeau (5, 6) , Fabrice Legeai , Sven Warris , Mohamed Amine Chebbi , Géraldine Dubreuil (1) , Bernard Duvic (7) , Natacha Kremer (8) , Philippe Gayral (1) , Karine Musset (1) , Thibaut Josse (1) , Diane Bigot , Christophe Bressac (1) , Sébastien Moreau (1) , Georges Périquet , Myriam Harry (9) , Nicolas Montagne (10) , Isabelle Boulogne , Mahnaz Sabeti-Azad , Martine Maïbèche (10) , Thomas Chertemps , Frédérique Hilliou (11) , David Siaussat (10) , Joëlle Amselem (12) , Isabelle Luyten , Claire Capdevielle-Dulac (9) , Karine Labadie (13) , Bruna Laís Merlin , Valérie Barbe (13) , Jetske de Boer , Martial Marbouty (2, 3) , Fernando Luis Cônsoli , Stéphane Dupas (9) , Aurélie Hua Van (9) , Gaëlle Le Goff (11) , Annie Bézier (1) , Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly (10) , James Whitfield , Louise E.M. Vet (14) , Hans Smid , Laure Kaiser (9) , Romain Koszul (2) , Elisabeth Huguet (1) , Elisabeth A. Herniou (1) , Jean-Michel Drezen (1)

1 IRBI - Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l'insecte
2 Régulation spatiale des Génomes - Spatial Regulation of Genomes
3 Collège Doctoral
4 LBGB - Laboratoire de Bioinformatique pour la Génomique et la Biodiversité
5 IGEPP - Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes
6 IRISA - Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires
7 DGIMI - Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier]
8 LBBE - Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558
9 EGCE - Evolution, génomes, comportement et écologie
10 iEES Paris - Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris
11 ISA - Institut Sophia Agrobiotech
12 URGI - Unité de Recherche Génomique Info
13 GENOSCOPE - Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry]
14 Nederlands Instituut Voor Ecologie - NIOO (NETHERLANDS)

Most endogenous viruses, an important proportion of eukaryote genomes, are doomed to slowly decay. Little is known, however, on how they evolve when they confer a benefit to their host. Bracoviruses are essential for the parasitism success of parasitoid wasps, whose genomes they integrated ~103 million years ago. Here we show, from the assembly of a parasitoid wasp genome, for the first time at a chromosomal scale, that symbiotic bracovirus genes spread to and colonized all the chromosomes. Moreover, large viral clusters are stably maintained suggesting strong evolutionary constraints. Genomic comparison with another wasps revealed that this organization was already established ~53 mya. Transcriptomic analyses highlight temporal synchronization of viral gene expression, leading to particle production. Immune genes are not induced, however, indicating the virus is not perceived as foreign by the wasp. This recognition suggests that no conflicts remain between symbiotic partners when benefits to them converge.

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

Jérémy Gauthier, Hélène Boulain, Joke J.F.A. van Vugt, Lyam Baudry, Emma Persyn, et al.. Chromosomal resolution reveals symbiotic virus colonization of parasitic wasp genomes. 2020. ⟨hal-03090838⟩