Mercury contamination levels in the bioindicator piscivorous fish Hoplias aïmara in French Guiana rivers: mapping for risk assessment
Abstract
In French Guiana, native populations present high level of mercury contamination, which has been linked to the consumption of
contaminated fishes. The goal of this study is to undertake a cartography of mercury contamination levels in fishes from the six
main Guiana rivers. The selected species for this study is the ubiquitous piscivorous fish Hoplias aimara. A total number of 575
fishes from 134 discrete fishing sites are regrouped into 51 river sectors. Results from this study permits to rank the six main
Guiana rivers by their mean level of contamination: Oyapock (0.548 mg kg−1), Comté (0.624 mg kg−1), Maroni (0.671 mg kg−1),
Approuague (0.684 mg kg−1), Mana (0.675 mg kg−1), and Sinnamary (1.025 mg kg−1). The contamination is however not
spatially homogenous along each river, and a map of the different levels of mercury contamination in fishes is provided. Sectors
of low mean Hg contamination are observed both upstream (0.471 mg kg−1) and downstream (0.424 mg kg−1), corresponding to
areas without any influence of gold mining activities and areas under the influence of estuarine dilution, respectively. Anoxia and
gold mining activities are found to be the two main factors responsible for the high mercury concentration in fish muscles. While
mean levels of mercury contaminations are higher in anoxia areas (1.029 mg kg−1), contaminations induced by gold mining
activities (0.717 mg kg−1) present the most harmful consequences to human populations. No significant differences in Hg
concentrations are observed between 2005 and 2014 for neither a pristine nor a gold mining area, while Hg concentration
differences are observed between former (0.550 mg kg−1) and current gold mining sites (0.717 mg kg−1).
Origin : Files produced by the author(s)