A. Davin-regli, J. Lavigne, and J. Pagès, Enterobacter spp.: Update on Taxonomy, Clinical Aspects, and Emerging Antimicrobial Resistance, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, vol.32, issue.4, p.241, 2019.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02735917

A. Davin-regli, J. Lavigne, and J. Pagès, Enterobacter spp.: Update on Taxonomy, Clinical Aspects, and Emerging Antimicrobial Resistance, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, vol.32, issue.4, 2019.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02735917

H. Hoffmann and A. Roggenkamp, Population Genetics of the Nomenspecies Enterobacter cloacae, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol.69, issue.9, pp.5306-5318, 2003.

K. D. Chavda, L. Chen, D. E. Fouts, G. Sutton, L. Brinkac et al., Comprehensive Genome Analysis of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacter spp.: New Insights into Phylogeny, Population Structure, and Resistance Mechanisms, mBio, vol.7, issue.6, p.246, 2016.

P. Enterobacter, New Insights into Phylogeny, Population Structure, and 247 Resistance Mechanisms, vol.7

R. Beyrouthy, M. Barets, E. Marion, C. Dananché, O. Dauwalder et al., NovelEnterobacterLineage as Leading Cause of Nosocomial Outbreak Involving Carbapenemase-Producing Strains, Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol.24, issue.8, pp.1505-1515, 2018.

A. Jousset, L. Dortet, F. Guérin, T. Bénet, P. Cassier et al., Novel, vol.250, 2018.

, Outbreak of nosocomial bacteremias, caused by Enterobacter gergoviae and Enterobacter aerogenes, in the neonatal intensive care unit, case - control study, Signa Vitae, vol.6, issue.1, p.27, 2011.

C. Wang, W. Wu, L. Wei, Y. Feng, M. Kang et al., Enterobacter wuhouensis sp. nov. and Enterobacter quasihormaechei sp. nov. recovered from human sputum, International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, vol.70, issue.2, pp.874-881, 2020.

S. Baron, L. Hadjadj, J. Rolain, and A. O. Olaitan, Molecular mechanisms of polymyxin resistance: knowns and unknowns, International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, vol.48, issue.6, pp.583-591, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01453304

N. Kieffer, G. Royer, J. Decousser, A. Bourrel, M. Palmieri et al., Erratum for Kieffer et al., ?mcr-9, an Inducible Gene Encoding an Acquired Phosphoethanolamine Transferase in Escherichia coli, and Its Origin?, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.63, issue.11, 2019.

H. Jacquier, E. Denamur, P. Nordmann, and L. Poirel, mcr-9, an Inducible Gene Encoding 259 an Acquired Phosphoethanolamine Transferase in Escherichia coli, and Its Origin, 2019.

, Editorial Board, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.63, issue.1, 2018.

Y. Yuan, Y. Li, G. Wang, C. Li, L. Xiang et al., <p>Coproduction Of MCR-9 And NDM-1 By Colistin-Resistant<em> Enterobacter hormaechei</em> Isolated From Bloodstream Infection</p>, Infection and Drug Resistance, vol.Volume 12, pp.2979-2985, 2019.

A. Cannatelli, V. Di-pilato, T. Giani, F. Arena, S. Ambretti et al., In VivoEvolution to Colistin Resistance by PmrB Sensor Kinase Mutation in KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Is Associated with Low-Dosage Colistin Treatment, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.58, issue.8, pp.4399-4403, 2014.

G. M. Rossolini, In vivo emergence of colistin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae 268 producing KPC-type carbapenemases mediated by insertional inactivation of the 269, 2013.

A. Cannatelli, M. M. D'andrea, T. Giani, V. Di-pilato, F. Arena et al., In VivoEmergence of Colistin Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae Producing KPC-Type Carbapenemases Mediated by Insertional Inactivation of the PhoQ/PhoPmgrBRegulator, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.57, issue.11, pp.5521-5526, 2013.

K. N. Kang, D. R. Klein, M. I. Kazi, F. Guérin, V. Cattoir et al., Colistin heteroresistance in Enterobacter cloacae is regulated by PhoPQ?dependent 4?amino?4?deoxy? l ?arabinose addition to lipid A, Molecular Microbiology, vol.111, issue.6, pp.1604-1616, 2019.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02087955

A. Cannatelli, T. Giani, M. M. D'andrea, V. Di-pilato, F. Arena et al., MgrB Inactivation Is a Common Mechanism of Colistin Resistance in KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae of Clinical Origin, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.58, issue.10, pp.5696-5703, 2014.

A. Vatopoulos and G. M. Rossolini, MgrB inactivation is a 275 common mechanism of colistin resistance in KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae of 276 clinical origin, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, vol.58, pp.5696-5703, 2014.

A. O. Olaitan, S. Morand, and J. Rolain, Mechanisms of polymyxin resistance: acquired and intrinsic resistance in bacteria, Frontiers in Microbiology, vol.5, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01771500

A. Jayol, L. Poirel, L. Dortet, and P. Nordmann, National survey of colistin resistance among carbapenemase-producingEnterobacteriaceaeand outbreak caused by colistin-resistant OXA-48-producingKlebsiella pneumoniae, France, 2014, Eurosurveillance, vol.21, issue.37, p.15, 2016.

N. Dagher, T. , A. , C. Chabou, S. Baron et al., , p.283

J. Rolain, Intestinal Carriage of Colistin Resistant Enterobacteriaceae at Saint 284, 2019.

T. S. Ndiaye, P338: Patient safety in Senegal: situation of the hospital regulations, Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control, vol.2, issue.S1, 2013.

B. Chavda, J. Lv, M. Hou, K. D. Chavda, B. N. Kreiswirth et al., Coidentification of mcr-4.3 and blaNDM-1 in a Clinical Enterobacter cloacae Isolate from China, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.62, issue.10, 2018.

C. , Editorial Board, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.62, issue.1, 2017.

H. Hoffmann, S. Stindl, W. Ludwig, A. Stumpf, A. Mehlen et al., Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. oharae subsp. nov., E. hormaechei subsp. hormaechei comb. nov., and E. hormaechei subsp. steigerwaltii subsp. nov., Three New Subspecies of Clinical Importance, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol.43, issue.7, pp.3297-3303, 2005.

J. Heesemann, A. Roggenkamp, and K. H. Schleifer, Enterobacter hormaechei subsp, 2005.

E. , hormaechei subsp. hormaechei comb. nov., and E. hormaechei 291 subsp. steigerwaltii subsp. nov., three new subspecies of clinical importance, J Clin 292 Microbiol, vol.43, pp.3297-3303

T. Miyoshi-akiyama, K. Hayakawa, N. Ohmagari, M. Shimojima, and T. Kirikae, Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) for Characterization of Enterobacter cloacae, PLoS ONE, vol.8, issue.6, p.e66358, 2013.

C. Brady, I. Cleenwerck, S. Venter, T. Coutinho, and P. De-vos, Taxonomic evaluation of the genus Enterobacter based on multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA): Proposal to reclassify E. nimipressuralis and E. amnigenus into Lelliottia gen. nov. as Lelliottia nimipressuralis comb. nov. and Lelliottia amnigena comb. nov., respectively, E. gergoviae and E. pyrinus into Pluralibacter gen. nov. as Pluralibacter gergoviae comb. nov. and Pluralibacter pyrinus comb. nov., respectively, E. cowanii, E. radicincitans, E. oryzae and E. arachidis into Kosakonia gen. nov. as Kosakonia cowanii comb. nov., Kosakonia radicincitans comb. nov., Kosakonia oryzae comb. nov. and Kosakonia arachidis comb. nov., respectively, and E. turicensis, E. helveticus and E. pulveris into Cronobacter as Cronobacter zurichensis nom. nov., Cronobacter helveticus comb. nov. and Cronobacter pulveris comb. nov., respectively, and emended description of the genera Enterobacter and Cronobacter, Systematic and Applied Microbiology, vol.36, issue.5, pp.309-319, 2013.

E. Nov, E. Turicensis, E. Helveticus, . Pulveris, and . Cronobacter, , p.305

B. Usadel, 16S/23S rRNA sequencing, Nucleic acid techniques in bacterial 309 systematics.Stackebrandt E and Goodfellow M, p.310

U. K. Chichester,

B. Yang, Y. Feng, A. Mcnally, and Z. Zong, Occurrence of Enterobacter hormaechei carrying bla NDM-1 and bla KPC-2 in China, Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, vol.90, issue.2, pp.139-142, 2018.

W. Wu, Y. Feng, A. Carattoli, and Z. Zong, Characterization of an Enterobacter cloacae Strain Producing both KPC and NDM Carbapenemases by Whole-Genome Sequencing, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.59, issue.10, pp.6625-6628, 2015.

L. Huang, Y. Y. Hu, and R. Zhang, Prevalence of fosfomycin resistance and plasmid-mediated fosfomycin-modifying enzymes among carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Zhejiang, China, Journal of Medical Microbiology, vol.66, issue.9, pp.1332-1334, 2017.

Z. Enterobacteriaceae-in, China. J Med Microbiol, vol.66, pp.1332-1334

R. Ito, M. M. Mustapha, A. D. Tomich, J. D. Callaghan, C. L. Mcelheny et al., Widespread Fosfomycin Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria Attributable to the Chromosomal fosA Gene, mBio, vol.8, issue.4, p.321, 2017.

F. Guérin, C. Isnard, C. Sinel, P. Morand, A. Dhalluin et al., Cluster-dependent colistin hetero-resistance inEnterobacter cloacaecomplex, Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, vol.71, issue.11, pp.3058-3061, 2016.

P. C. Morand, A. Billoet, M. Rottman, V. Sivadon-tardy, L. Eyrolle et al., , vol.326

P. Anract, J. Courpied, C. Poyart, and V. Dumaine, Specific distribution within the, vol.327, p.17, 2009.

P. C. Morand, A. Billoet, M. Rottman, V. Sivadon-tardy, L. Eyrolle et al., Specific Distribution within the Enterobacter cloacae Complex of Strains Isolated from Infected Orthopedic Implants, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol.47, issue.8, pp.2489-2495, 2009.

L. Poirel, A. Jayol, S. Bontron, M. Villegas, M. Ozdamar et al., The mgrB gene as a key target for acquired resistance to colistin in Klebsiella pneumoniae, Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, vol.70, issue.1, pp.75-80, 2014.

A. Jayol, L. Poirel, M. Villegas, and P. Nordmann, Modulation of mgrB gene expression as a source of colistin resistance in Klebsiella oxytoca, International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, vol.46, issue.1, pp.108-110, 2015.

C. Arpin, P. Noury, D. Boraud, L. Coulange, A. Manetti et al., NDM-1-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Resistant to Colistin in a French Community Patient without History of Foreign Travel, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.56, issue.6, pp.3432-3434, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01068341

G. M. Rossolini, In vivo emergence of colistin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae 341 producing KPC-type carbapenemases mediated by insertional inactivation of the 342, 2013.

M. E. Salazar, A. I. Podgornaia, and M. T. Laub, The small membrane protein MgrB regulates PhoQ bifunctionality to control PhoP target gene expression dynamics, Molecular Microbiology, vol.102, issue.3, pp.430-445, 2016.

A. Jayol, L. Poirel, A. Brink, M. Villegas, M. Yilmaz et al., Resistance to Colistin Associated with a Single Amino Acid Change in Protein PmrB among Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates of Worldwide Origin, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.58, issue.8, pp.4762-4766, 2014.

A. M. Lippa and M. Goulian, Feedback Inhibition in the PhoQ/PhoP Signaling System by a Membrane Peptide, PLoS Genetics, vol.5, issue.12, p.e1000788, 2009.

C. Jang and T. Magnuson, A novel selection marker for efficient DNA cloning and 351 recombineering in E. coli, PLoS ONE, vol.8, p.57075, 2013.

, MgrB alignments of Eh22 with peptidic sequences from 15 out of 18 Enterobacter cloacae complex groups as defined by

, Table S1: The strain name, the accession code, and the protein sequences used in here are provided as raw data

A. , E. Nz_cp017183;-b, E. Nz_cp017179;-c, and E. Oharae, , p.1000000

I. E. Cloacae-meta-cluster-(g-to, N. Groups-;-g, and E. Cloacae, ATCC, vol.35953, 11863.

K. , E. ;-l, E. Jmur01000000;-m, and E. Complex, Enterobacter cloacae Complex, 2020.

(. B)-mgrb-alignments-of, E. Eh22, and K. Pneumoniae-kp5196,

, Single Amino Acid Substitution in the Putative Transmembrane Helix V in KdpB of the KdpFABC Complex of Escherichia coli Uncouples ATPase Activity and Ion Transport

, Figure 7. Conformations of E. coli class Ia RNR loop 2 in the presence and absence of substrate-effector pairs.